TLUD street kitchen - Vietnam

​From: Paul Olivier
Date: Mon, 12 Nov 2018 at 17:26
Subject: street kitchens in Vietnam

A street kitchen in Vietnam is generally a grave threat to human health and the environment. A street kitchen typically burns coal, charcoal or firewood. The lighting of these solid fuels usually emits a cloud of black smoke. When these solids fuels are combusted, high levels of benzene, particulate matter and CO stream forth in all directions. But perhaps, still worse, are the highly carcinogenic cooking oil fuels.

Near the University of Dalat, there are several street kitchens close to one another. They emit large quantities of cooking oil fumes. These cooking oil fumes combine with particulate matter and nitrogen compounds (emitted by sewage lines), and when these pollutants enter the human lung, they stick there and do not come out. People get sick, and people die.

Here you see jpegs of a 150 gasifier equipped with a 3-sided wind shield, a 40-liter biochar filter, a hood and a fan.

The 150 gasifier emits levels of benzene, particulate matter and CO well within the norms specified by the World Health Organization. When cooking oil fumes are pulled through the biochar filter by means of a small fan above the round hood, they stick to the biochar and not to the human lung.

The solid fuels typically used by street kitchens are costly. But with a gasifier, one has high-grade heat at a profit, since the biochar pellets produced in the gasifier have a greater value than the raw pellets from which they are derived. In other words, one has high-grade heat at a profit.

When biochar is produced in a gasifier, dirty and highly-polluting biochar kilns are not needed. In Dalat I have seen biochar kilns that emit, day after day, huge clouds of smoke.

Gasifiers can be powered almost entirely by agricultural waste biomass, such as rice hulls and rice straw. To the extent that such waste biomass would be pelleted and used as gasifier fuel, the useless burning of this waste would not take place.

--

Paul A. Olivier PhD
27/2bis Phu Dong Thien Vuong
Dalat, Vietnam

Louisiana telephone: 1-337-447-4124 (rings Vietnam)
Mobile: 090-694-1573 (in Vietnam)
Skype address: Xpolivier
http://epwt.vn/en/home/

TLUD stoves in Bangladesh

The video below subtitles but I include it now because of the comments provided by Julian:

Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2018 20:30:58 -0400
From: Julien Winter
To: Discussion of biomass cooking stoves (stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org)
Cc: Mahbubul Islam, Dean Still, vhrapp
Subject: [Stoves] Short Documentary on TLUD and Biochar in Bangladesh (in Bangla)

Hi folks;
Here is a short doc on TLUDs and biochar in Bangladesh.  It is in Bangla,
but I am sure we can all understand the body language for 'migrating
pyrolytic front', 'cation exchange capacity', and 'sodium chloride'.

https://youtu.be/mxuVUV0_Des

The significance of this video is that Bangladesh is a nascent hot-spot of
TLUD and biochar research, because it is probably the most ideal country in
the World for these technologies: 3 crops per year, low organic matter
soils, 80% of population cooking with biomass,  >1000 people / km?,
impending loss of land to sea level rise, and plenty of scientists.

It is great the way this video includes both the university professors,
farmers and lots of women.  The CCDB project has collected data showing
that university professors increase the self-esteem of women TLUD users, so
it is recommended that professors should be applied liberally in the
countryside to increase cookstove acceptance.

I hope subtitles in English are forthcoming.

Cheers,
Julien.
--
Julien Winter, Cobourg, ON, CANADA

Low-tech Flame Carbonizers for Biochar Production - webinar

Utah State University, Forestry Extension: Learn at Lunch Webinar

Low-tech Flame Carbonizers for Biochar Production: Theory and Applications Kelpie Wilson, Wilson Biochar Associates Date: Tuesday, July 25 Time: 12 pm (MDT) Biochar is made by applying heat to biomass in the absence of oxygen. Flame carbonization uses the flame itself to exclude oxygen. Flame carbonization methods can produce high quality biochar from low value biomass waste found in fields and forests without investing in expensive equipment. Kelpie Wilson will explain the theory and design principles for using flame carbonizing techniques in various applications such as forestry, farming and urban tree care. This webinar is good (only if viewed live) for 1 CEU from: Society of American Foresters OR International Society of Arboriculture.

Kelpie Wilson is a mechanical engineer and analyst with 30 years of experience in renewable energy, sustainable forestry and resource conservation. Since 2008, she has focused on biochar as a tool to move excess carbon from the atmosphere to soil, where it can improve soil health and sequester carbon. She consults with farmers, private industry, and government agencies through her company Wilson Biochar Associates. She serves on the board of the US Biochar Initiative, works with several local groups in Oregon promoting sustainable forestry and agriculture, and presents many classes and workshops on small scale biochar production and use every year.

Paul Olivier in Vietnam - gasifier dome

Paul Olivier has shared some of his stove development work... great looking photos of his stoves...

​---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Paul Olivier
Date: 1 April 2017 at 20:09
Subject: nichrome wire mesh dome
To: Paul Olivier

I took a long time for the nichrome wire mesh to arrive from China.

And it took a long time for the shop to make the mold to make the dome.

The dome in operation with a pot (100 gasifier) looks like this:
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/22013094/102%20Gasifier/Pictures/029.JPG

Here you see it without the pot:
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/22013094/102%20Gasifier/Pictures/031.JPG
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/22013094/102%20Gasifier/Pictures/032.JPG
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/22013094/102%20Gasifier/Pictures/033.JPG

After a burn, there is no smell.

The pot does not blacken.

The dome does not change color after a burn.

Here you see the dome after 5 burns:
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/22013094/102%20Gasifier/Pictures/030.JPG

It looks like it was never used.

Ordinary 304 stainless steel changes color after one burn.

Nichrome stays the same.

Nichrome is special.

Nichrome does not change shape and keeps its original form.

The wire diameter is 0.20 mm.
The wire openings are 0.64 mm.
The open area of the wire mesh is greater than 58%.

Tomorrow Truc Duong will do some more tests.

Thanks.

Paul Olivier

--

Paul A. Olivier PhD
26/5 Phu Dong Thien Vuong
Dalat
Vietnam

Louisiana telephone: 1-337-447-4124 (rings Vietnam)
Mobile: 090-694-1573 (in Vietnam)
Skype address: Xpolivier
http://www.epwt.net/

Paul's TLUD update from Vietnam

Here is the latest from Paul Olivier in his stove work in Vietnam.

​---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Paul Olivier
Date: 11 January 2017 at 14:37
Subject: a rewrite
To: Trevor Richards

I am updating a short essay on my gasifiers:
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/22013094/Paper/Summaries/Gasification.pdf

In the essay I explain two features that have been added to my gasifiers (a burner dome and a new fan assembly).
Of course biochar is mentioned a lot in this essay.
If you share anything, only share the link to the essay, not a download.

I could have made the essay a lot longer to backup the main points in a more precise manner.
But I refer the reader to the longer paper:
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/22013094/Paper/Summaries/Summary.pdf

Thanks.
Paul Olivier

--
Paul A. Olivier PhD
26/5 Phu Dong Thien Vuong
Dalat
Vietnam

Louisiana telephone: 1-337-447-4124 (rings Vietnam)
Mobile: 090-694-1573 (in Vietnam)
Skype address: Xpolivier
http://www.epwt.net/

Permaculture Research Institute - biochar

Tropical Orchard Establishment Practices and Concepts: Part 2 of 3

Biochar Production

We make a small amount of biochar yearly to be used in our nursery potting soil and applied to our garden beds. Biochar has been studied extensively over the past 25 years and has proven to be an effective soil fertility strategy, in particular in the tropics. We use two different biochar systems. The first is a cook stove called an Estufa Finca. This was developed by our friend Art Donnelly of SeaChar.org. The second is a larger retort kiln called a TLUD (Top-Lit Up-Draft) made of two 55 gallon metal drums.
Biochar is a fascinating soil amendment that inspires much disagreement and conversation. For us, we are mostly interested in leveraging the unique physical and chemical properties of biochar to reduce leaching of nutrients, improve soil structure, buffer our pH, and provide host sites for microorganisms. Biochar in general has a negative molecular charge which binds well to nutrients and it’s physical structure provides endless nooks and crannies for a diversity of microbial life to seek shelter from predators.
We primary use fruit tree and bamboo prunings for our biochar feed stock. We avoid nitrogen rich feed stock as this nitrogen volatilizes during the combustion process. After a burn, which can be seen in the following photos, the biochar is crushed and then charged. As the burn process removes most nutrients from the remaining carbon, it is most effective to soak the biochar in a nitrogen rich liquid. Typically we use effluent from our methane biodigestors.

An Estufa Finca cook stove is stocked and started. This highly efficient stove boils a gallon of water in under 10 minutes and produces biochar as a bi-product.

Turmeric is being processed on the stove to make a live-cultured soda and obtain a dried spice.

As the stove dies down, the combustion is stopped by dumping the contents into a quench bucket.

The biochar is then incorporated into our potting mix or worked into resting garden beds. Occasionally we apply this amendment directly to tree planting holes, in which case we apply ½ kilo per tree hole and top dress under the mulch another ½ kilo.
Overall biochar does not make up a huge part of our day-to-day work. I find it challenging to find the time and physical space for all the necessary harvesting, handling, and drying of feedstock. This year we will make 60 to 120 kilos of biochar for our gardens.

Version 2.0 of TLUD history

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Paul Anderson psanders@ilstu.edu [biochar]
Date: 18 February 2016 at 14:39
Subject: [biochar] Version 2.0 of TLUD history is available
To: Stoves and biofuels network , "biochar@yahoogroups.com"

Dear all who are interested in TLUD stoves or their ability to make char,

The History of TLUD stoves documentation has been expanded and released as Version 2.0. The document now has over 30 photos / figures, and a much expanded bibliography. Be sure to see the Box (Figure 22 on page 22) that defines and names 24 "TLUD Pyroneers".

It is lengthy at 38 pages so that the historical details are well recorded for future generations. You can pick and choose the historical periods of interest, but do be sure to at least skim quickly the beginning and concluding pages that have comments on the current and future prospects for TLUD micro-gasification.

This link will always take you to the most recent version of the document. (earlier versions are still available at the Dr TLUD website with specific addresses).

www.drtlud.com/tlud-history

-- Doc / Dr TLUD / Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD Email: psanders@ilstu.edu Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072 Website: www.drtlud.com

Biochar water treatment training in Thailand

Register by Oct 30 for a 10-day intensive training course in water treatment using biochar by Aqueous Solutions

Aqueous Solutions is offering a 10-day intensive training course in water treatment using biochar. The workshop will take place from January 3-12 2016, and will be held at Pun Pun Centre for Self Reliance, located in northern Thailand.
The workshop will provide participants with comprehensive practical training in the generation and application of biochar adsorbent for control of organic chemical contaminants in low cost household and community water treatment. The course will combine lecture/discussion sessions with a great deal of participatory hands-on activities. Participants will gain technical competence in generation of biochar adsorbent using common local materials and tools, as well as methods for integration of biochar adsorption in multi-barrier treatment systems that address both biological and chemical water contaminants.
See aqsolutions.org for more information including how to apply to the workshop.
APPLICATION DEADLINE: FRIDAY OCTOBER 30TH, 2015

Project report from Thailand

Jay White has produced a great report on his work with TLUD's and biochar in Thailand. The project was located at two sites in Chang Mai in January and February this year.
[click title to link to report - 3.5MB]

Promotion of Clean Emissions Charcoal Production and Use of Biochar

"PROJECT GOALS

"The PCV discussed these observations and research with the agricultural specialists at the Sub-district Administrative Organization (SAO) of Tambon Soppoeng and the Mae Lod Royal Agricultural Project. Both parties expressed interest in promoting the TLUD kiln technology and the use of biochar in the community. The PCV and staff of the SAO and Royal Project agreed that before promoting these technologies the organizers of this project needed to become practiced with the operation of the TLUD kiln and with it test pyrolysis of different locally available feedstocks. The primary goal of this project was to promote continued use of biochar and the TLUD kiln among community members. The testing of TLUD kiln use on different feedstocks was a secondary outcome necessary for achieving the primary goal.

 PROJECT OBJECTIVES AND BENEFITS
The project’s design had three objectives to meet the goal of promoting the TLUD kiln and biochar use.

• Objective 1: Build two TLUD kilns with counterparts in the SAO and Royal Project and test their use on five locally available feedstocks. These feedstocks were hardwood waste from fruit trees, bamboo, corn cobs, rice husks, and rice straw.
• Objective 2: Promote the TLUD kiln design and the production of biochar in two trainings, at the Sao and the Royal Project, open to the local public and select 10 participants from the most interested attendees.
• Objective 3: Provide free TLUD kilns and personal training for the 10 participants in the use of their TLUD kiln and in the incorporation of resulting charcoal into organic fertilizer. "

News from UniKL MICET biochar group

The following announcement has been provided by Prof. Robert Bachmann for the November IBI newsletter:

At present two undergraduate students under the supervision of Dr Amelia Md Som (

http://www.micet.unikl.edu.my/environment/index.php/about-us/staff/academician)

investigate the effect of biochar on phytoremediation of soils contaminated with Cu, Ni, Pb  and  Zn by Helianthus annuus L, while another student, Ms Syila investigates the possibility of using the original Belonio rice husk gasifier for empty fruit bunch. This project is under the supervision of Mdm Asimi Ana Ahmad.

MICET also welcomed two visiting students from Wismar University / Germany, Mr Kevin Busack and Lukas Sievert, who are both recipients of the DAAD RISE Worldwide scholarship (https://www.daad.de/rise-weltweit/en/). Kevin has been given the task to develop a standard operating procedure for APL's biochar experimenter kit (BEK), produce and characterise biochar from oil palm biomass under various process conditions and determine the emission factors for various gases. His project is carried out in collaboration with the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB). Lukas' challenge is to improve the upscaled Belonio rice husk gasifier developed by Dr Nsamba Hussein Kisiki in terms of ease of use as well as utilisation of the syngas produced.

Publications:

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032114005590

Group website:

http://micet.unikl.edu.my/environment/index.php/component/content/article/90-research/118-the-biochar

Program Coordinator (MGEEB)

UniKL MICET

78000 Alor Gajah

Melaka

http://www.micet.unikl.edu.my/environment

http://www.micet.unikl.edu.my/mgeeb

Clean Stove Technology RFP - Indonesia

Crispin Pembert-Pigott has provided links to potential TLUD stove producer project opportunities in Indonesia. Links and discussion on this can be found in the February 'stoves' discussion archive. Scroll to bottom, 20Feb. Crispin's original link is broken (repaired below)...

"There was a RFTP (Request for Technology Proposals) issued by the Government of Indonesia seeking improved stoves for Central Java Province. 
The relevant document is available in English and Bahasa Indonesia at: http://tungkuindonesia.org/images/downloads/Call_for_Clean_Stove_Technology_for_Testing.pdf"

ECHO Asia Biochar Initiatives - Thailand

I have a PDF version of the following report from ECHO Asia in Thailand (with photos) which can be provided upon request.

"The ECHO Asia Impact Center in Chiang Mai, Thailand has been researching and promoting biochar since 2011 for its potential role in soil improvement. Biochar seems especially well-suited to offer positive soil building properties and climate change mitigation strategies for smallholder farmers in Asia.

In August of 2012, ECHO Asia began conducting a 3-year randomized complete block field experiment to test the effects of biochar on plant health and growth at the ECHO Asia Seed Bank in Mae Ai, Thailand. Four raised beds (8m X 90cm) made out of cement bricks and filled with local soil were utilized, and experimental units (four per bed, measuring 1.5m X 90cm with 50cm buffer space) were physically separated with plastic lined cement bricks to prevent migration of nutrients, biochar, and earthworms. Bamboo char was made from Dendrocalamusstrictus using a TLUD made from a 55-gallon drum. Treatments were: 1) control soil without amendments, 2) soil with compost added; 3) soil with char added; and 4) soil with biochar added (equal parts of char and hog manure compost left to age for 3 months). All additions to the experimental units were made on an equal weight basis of 2kg m-2.

Two cropping cycles per year will be utilized, with the first cycle comprised of 6 plants of direct-seeded grain amaranth and 6 transplants of ‘Clemson Spinless’ okra, and the second cycle comprised of 6 plants of direct-seeded foxtail millet and 6 transplants of yellow eggplant in every experimental unit. This cropping cycle arrangement will be followed for three years without additional fertility inputs. Dependent variables include soil testing of the experimental units, soil testing of the amendments, plant height, plant yield, % necrosis and chlorosis, and chlorophyll content (as a proxy for nitrogen deficiency) using an atLEAF+ meter (similar to a SPAD meter). The first year of cropping is finished, but results have yet to be analyzed.

The office also has plans to start another experiment that will investigate the properties of different chars made from different feedstocks using different gasification stoves. The goal is to determine the boil time for a predetermined amount of water from a pre-determined amount of feedstock, the amount of resultant char, the temperatures achieved by feedstock and stove type, and the properties of the resulting char (pH, CEC, etc.)."

Abram J. Bicksler, Ph.D.
Director, ECHO Asia Impact Center, Chiang Mai, Thailand
http://echonet.org/asia-impact-center/

 

Dr Paul Olivier visits Malaysia - regional TLUD development

The following comments are Co/ Dr Paul Olivier, cut from a recent post to the "Improved Biomass Cooking Stoves" discussion list (you may need to sign up to access original post... and its not archived at the time of posting).

..."I just returned last week from Malaysia in order to look into the gasification of palm kernal shells. This looks quite feasible, even without forming these shells into pellets. But bottled gas in relatively rich Malaysia is very cheap compared to relatively poor Vietnam, because the Malaysian government subsidizes bottled gas. At the same time, Singapore and large parts of Malaysia were recently subjected to dangerous levels of smoke from the large-scale burning of biomass in Sumatra over a period of several weeks. The entire city of Singapore was virtually shut down for a few weeks. Once again, why bother with biomass stoves as long as governments are willing to subsidize the price of bottled gas? After all, no biomass stove can match the safety (low CO and low PM), convenience (the simple twist of a knob) and turn-down ratio (1 to 99) of bottled gas.

I design biomass stoves the way I do primarily because I believe something should be done about global warming and ocean acidification. Here in Vietnam huge quantities of rice hulls, rice straw, coffee husks, pine forest debris and many other types of biomass are uselessly burned, while many people, especially in urban areas, burn coal and bottled gas to cook their food. So ridiculous. At the same time large portions of the Mekong (the center of food production in Vietnam) will soon be under water as sea levels continue to rise at their current rate.

But replacing bottled gas is not my only goal. Burying biochar is also critical in combating global warming and ocean acidification. Here CO2 is pulled from the air and locked in the soil for hundreds of years. At the same time, there are the many benefits of biochar that I have read about from scientists such as Ogawa (AM fungi), Lehmann and Joseph (a member of this stove list). Also in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia, we have done more than 22 biochar studies with biochar from my gasifiers. These studies show remarkable numbers with regard to plant and animal growth. Then finally, in the city where I live, rice hull biochar is a hot commodity when incorporated into potting soils in greenhouses. Why burn biochar when it sells at such a good price, especially when it is worth far more than the biomass from which it was derived? So I cannot help but conclude that stoves that do not burn biochar, but make it, are incredibly important. Also, if I were to burn biochar within the reactor of my TLUD, this would be such an inefficient exercise, since the distance between the pot and the burning biochar would be so great.

No, it makes so much sense to keep the biochar. We can feed biochar to pigs, cows and chickens. We then take the solid waste from these animals and feed it to BSF larvae. We then take the residue of the larvae and feed it to red worms, and finally we take the vermi-compost loaded with biochar back to the soil. The biochar passes through the gut of three creatures before it gets incorporated into the soil. When we put biochar in a dry bedding for pigs and cows, listen carefully, there is no urine or ammonia smell. We have virtually odorless pig pens. The pigs play in the bedding and even eat it. More than 60 farmers in the area have now adopted this way of raising pigs. All of these farmer use biochar. Also there are no flies around these pig pens. Antibiotics are no longer used. Not a single piglet gets diarrhea.

The pig farmers make rice wine, and the mash gets fed to the pigs. I will start supplying gasifiers to these pig farmers for the distillation of their rice wine. The burning of low-grade biomass for rice wine distillation will stop. The farmers will then be able to make their own biochar to incorporate into pig bedding..."

Biochar making (Philippines) ... where are the TLUD's?

"With many Filipinos still dependent on agriculture, the government faces the challenge of reviving the sector that has posted sluggish growth over the past several years.

Agriculture is also suffering from a degraded environment partly caused by chemical use in farming.

At the first National Conference on Philippine Biochar on April 17, agriculture experts and government and private sector representatives proposed a way to improve soil fertility—biochar, or agricultural waste transformed into organic fertilizer.

The carbonized rice hull (CRH), a type of biochar, is an example of a product of the partial burning of rice hull. Instead of turning the outermost cover of rice grains into waste, it can be carbonized and turned into soil fertilizer. ...."

http://opinion.inquirer.net/54617/biochar-making

The article includes a chart on production but is not a step-by-step guide and does not seem to include TLUD which I think is a serious omission. Energy utilization should be an important aspect for the future and TLUD is a great pathway via cook stoves.  A search on this site for "TLUD" pulls 4 reports... particular emphasis on the work of Paul Olivier in Vietnam (4Mar12 & 28Aug12).

PlanetStove: Hybrid Biochar Cooking Stoves

Check out this program for TLUD in China...


Video presentation: http://www.indiegogo.com/PlanetStove?c=home

More Biochar activity in Vietnam

Dr Stephen Joseph has reported on biochar production and application in northern Vietnam...

Enclosed is a report on work that has been going on in the North of Vietnam funded by CARE.
Large scale field trials of mixed biochar produced in TLUD drums is underway and about 60 stoves should be going into households now (or very soon).
Download Development of TLUD cookstoves and Drum Ovens in North Vietnam  from
http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/node/3101

Just out of interest I have integrated my TLUD with an aquaponics/vermiculture system in my back yard.
First harvest of lettuce, pak choi and Radiccio after 2 weeks.  Used this to make Pho
Download Schematic biochar aquaponics with vermiculture
http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/node/3102
Regards
Stephen Joseph

Biomass Gasification and the Benefits of Biochar - Dr Paul Olivier

If you are interested in biomass stoves (TLUD) or the multiple applications for small scale biomass gasification then I highly recommend a review of Dr Paul Olivier's work in Vietnam with rice husk biomass. His 10 page report (link below) includes reports on biochar agriculture trials in Cambodia and Laos using rice hulls. His report also includes an interesting summary of possible future distributed energy pathways for biomass.

Date: Sat, 3 Mar 2012 06:11:11 +0700
From: Paul Olivier <paul.olivier@esrla.com>
To: Discussion of biomass cooking stoves <stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org>
Subject: [Stoves] the 150 gasifier in operation in Vietnam

This is a TLUD forced air gasifier in operation on rice hulls.

Here you see the burner with burner housing:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nZDt8DfgSls&feature=channel
http://youtu.be/WXZvvoxCm1g

When a wire mesh dome is placed on top of the burner and burner housing,  this roughly doubles the amount of heat being transferred to a pot:
http://youtu.be/7fnGem9BQ7Q

Here it took 3 minutes and 42 seconds to bring a liter of water to a boil:
http://youtu.be/jK3UTe1Lxqk
http://youtu.be/80REBVTwpMo

For more details on this gasifier, see:
http://esrla.com/pdf/landfill_06.pdf

Thanks.
Paul
--
Paul A. Olivier PhD
27C Pham Hong Thai Street
Dalat
Vietnam

Louisiana telephone: 1-337-447-4124 (rings Vietnam)
Mobile: 090-694-1573 (in Vietnam)
Skype address: Xpolivier
http://www.esrla.com/

Biochar Stove Project in Indonesia

The Department of Chemical Engineering, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia is planning to undertake a biochar stove project and is now seeking interest from potential research and project implementation partners. The project will focus on optimizing pyrolytic stoves for waste biomass in Indonesia, and will include the production and utilization of biochar.

Phase 1 began with a seminar on December 30, 2011 exploring TLUD primary and secondary air supply optimization. Plans for the next phase include similar studies on Anila type stoves. Stove performance will be tailored to the type of biomass and cooking habits of Indonesia.

Integrating the manufacture of wood pellets is also a consideration for the performance of the stove and implementation into society as a sustainable activity. The Department of Chemical Engineering, Gadjah Mada University is open to collaborative research on biochar stove design and implementation of the stove field projects in Indonesian society. For further information on participating in this project, please refer to...
http://sea-biochar.blogspot.com/2010/12/biochar-research-collaborations-in.html

Lucia Stove demonstration

Nathaniel Mulcahy gives a great demonstration of the LuciaStove.
In six parts - make sure you see them all...

http://www.youtube.com/globeforum#p/u/5/wI0NvG5EAJg