Problem soils - biochar can help

Biochar amendment improves crop production in problem soils: A review

This China-USA review looks at improve plant growth in...

• soils with physical constraints
• acid soils
• alkaline soils
• nutrient deficient soil
• salt-affected soils
• metal-contaminated soil

Biochar from food waste

I have a few Qs here...

• where does food waste best fit in a waste hierarchy? does it have better utility as animal feed or in a localised BSF industry
• what sort of H&MB numbers are going to work at scale, with all that water to remove? is hydrothermal carbonisation a better path for this type of waste stream
• recovering P from our industrial food and sewage systems is important... is biochar production going to become a key player?

Properties of Biochar from Anaerobically Digested Food Waste and Its Potential Use in Phosphorus Recovery and Soil Amendment

Shakib Alghashm ¹, Shiying Qian ¹, Yinfeng Hua ², Jian Wu ², Haitao Zhang ², Weihua Chen ² and Guoqing Shen ^1,*

¹School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China

²Shanghai Liming Resources Reuse Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201209, China

^*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 14 November 2018 / Accepted: 5 December 2018 / Published: 10 December 2018

Abstract

The disposal of a large amount of biogas residue from anaerobically digested food waste is a burden for biogas production. The aim of this work was to investigate biogas residue as a potential feedstock, by preparing biochar at a broad pyrolysis temperature range of 400–900 °C. The properties required for phosphorus recovery and soil amendment application were evaluated. Biogas residue collected from an urban food waste treatment plant was pyrolyzed in a laboratory scale reactor. It was found that by increasing the pyrolysis temperature, the yield of biochar decreased and the pH, electrical conductivity and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area increased. The amount of phosphorus adsorbed onto the biogas residue-derived biochar (BRB) at 900 °C was larger than that of other kinds of biochar. The kinetics of phosphorus (P) adsorption on BRB could be described by the pseudo-second-order equation. The pot experiments showed that the resulting biochar is beneficial for the growth of cabbage. Overall, turning solid residue from the anaerobic digestion of food waste for biogas production into biochar shows good prospects as a means of solving the disposal problem, while creating new markets for food waste biogas residue.

Biochar & low fertility soils - meta-analysis

Biochar application to low fertility soils: A review of current status, and future prospects

Highlights

• Biochar has potential to be the best management practice for low fertility soils.

• Biochar coating with organic materials can result in enhanced crop nutrient supply.

• Biochar may accelerate the composting process and improve the end-product quality.

• The influence of biochar varies strongly according to the types of feedstock/soil.

Abstract

Rapid industrial development and human activities have caused a degradation of soil quality and fertility. There is increasing interest in rehabilitating low fertility soils to improve crop yield and sustainability. Biochar, a carbonaceous material intentionally produced from biomass, is widely used as an amendment to improve soil fertility by retaining nutrients and, potentially, enhancing nutrient bioavailability. But, biochar is not a simple carbon material with uniform properties, so appropriate biochar selection must consider soil type and target crop. In this respect, many recent studies have evaluated several modification methods to maximize the effectiveness of biochar such as optimizing the pyrolysis process, mixing with other soil amendments, composting with other additives, activating by physicochemical processes, and coating with other organic materials. However, the economic feasibility of biochar application cannot be neglected. Strategies for reducing biochar losses and its application costs, and increasing its use efficiency need to be developed. This review synthesized current understanding and introduces holistic and practical approaches for biochar application to low fertility soils, with consideration of economic aspects.

B4SS at ANZBC18

Dr Ruy Anaya de la Rosa was at the recent ANZBC18 (previous post) and presented on Biochar 4 Sustainable Soils (B4SS) project. See tag below for previous posts.

Ruy's presentation starts at page 47.

https://www.agrifutures.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/18-039.pdf

ANZBC18 conference proceedings

The ANZBC18 conference proceedings have now been published and made available by AgriFutures Australia...
http://soilcarbon.org.nz/anzbc18-conference-proceedings/

Richard Upperton from PFS Energy Malaysia describes some of there work related to biochar in 6 slides from page 59.

Research from Timor on biochar

Improving mungbean growth in a semiarid dryland system with agricultural waste biochars and cattle manure

Center for Dryland Studies, Universitas Timor, Indonesia 

Abstract

Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) productivity in dryland decreased recently due to the soil fertility degradation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biochar types and cattle manure rates on the growth of mungbean in semi-arid dark soil. The factorial completely randomized block design 3 x 5 with four replicates was set to arrange treatments for the field trial. Two biochars (rice husk and sawdust) at 10 t/ha in combination with four rates of cattle manure (1, 3, 5 and 10 t/ha) and control (without biochar and cattle manure) were applied to the soil, incubated for three weeks and then planted with mungbean cv. Fore Belu. The results revealed that additions of biochar and cattle manure increased soil moisture and soil electrical conductivity by 2-4% and 0.15-0.20, respectively; decreased soil temperature and bulk density by 1-2^oC and 0.2 g/cm³, respectively; increased plant height, stem diameter, root length, total, shoot and root dry weights by 4 cm, 0.1 cm, 5 cm, 7 g, 0.9 g and 6 g, respectively, compared to the control. The best growth of mungbean was obtained from the additions of sawdust biochar at 10 t/ha and cattle manure at 3 t/ha.

 

Biochar as a animal feed supplement - Cambodia

 The work of Preston and Leng continues in Cambodia. I first reported their work back in 2012 from a publication from Lao (shortcut here). There are plenty of other related reports on feed trials which can be found via the 'feed supplement' label.

Rice distillers’ byproduct and molasses-urea blocks containing biochar improved the growth performance of local Yellow cattle fed ensiled cassava roots, cassava foliage and rice straw

Kong Saroeun, T R Preston¹ and R A Leng²

Faculty of Agriculture, Svay Rieng University, Cambodia
kong.saroeun@sru.edu.kh
¹ Centro para la Investigación en Sistemas Sostenibles de Producción Agropecuaria (CIPAV), Carrera 25 No 6-62 Cali, Colombia
² University of New England, Armidale NSW, Australia

Abstract

Twenty male cattle of local Yellow breed with an average body weight of 92.6 kg were allocated in individual stalls to a 2*5 factorial arrangement of treatments with two replicates. The two factors were: biochar inclusion in urea-molasses blocks at levels of: 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%; and rice distillers’ byproduct (RDB) at zero or 4% in diet DM. The basal diet was ensiled cassava root, dried cassava foliage, rice straw and molasses-urea blocks.
Growth rates of local Yellow cattle were increased when the molasses-urea blocks contained from 2 to 8% biochar (intakes of biochar ranged from 0.05 to 0.33% of diet DM); and when rice distillers’ byproduct was fed at 4% of diet DM. There were related improvements in feed conversion with both additives. There were no additional benefits from combining the two additives.

Malaysian research findings on Rice Husk Charcoal for Composting

Characterization of Local Mill Rice Husk Charcoal and its Effect on Compost Properties

https://www.academia.edu/36486554/Characterization_of_Local_Mill_Rice_Husk_Charcoal_and_Its_Effect_on_Compost_Properties

Biochar research from Vietnam - full PDF

Application of Biochar from coconut shells to different soils in Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam

Tran Thi Tu(1), Morihiro Maeda(2), Le Van Thang(1), Nguyen Dang Hai(1), Tran Dang Bao Thuyen(1)
1) Institute of Resources, Environment and Biotechnology - Hue University, Vietnam
2) Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Japan

CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES
"We examined the effect of biochar application to different soils on crop growth, phosphorus and nitrogen balances under greenhouse conditions in Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam. Results showed that : (1) Komatsuna growth in sandy soil less than clay and organic soils. Biochar improved crop yield in clay and organic soils, but it did not improve in sandy soil. (2) Biochar increased P and N uptake in leaves and roots in clay and organic soils. (3) Biochar reduced P leaching; furthermore biochar reduced TN leaching in organic soil. Besides, biochar reduced NO3-N leaching in clay and organic soils. We further study the N dynamics in soil treated with biochar materials."

Biochar research from Papua New Guinea

Great to see biochar research coming from Papua New Guinea...

Effects of biochar, urea and their co-application on the nitrogen mineralization in soil and growth of Chinese cabbage crop

Ruth Baiga and Rajashekhar Rao BK*

Department of Agriculture
The Papua New Guinea University of Technology
Private Mail Bag, Lae 411
Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea
Tel: +675 4734464, Fax: +675 4734477

* Dr. Rajashekhar Rao B.K., E-mail: rsraobk@rediffmail.com

Abstract

Experiments were conducted to study the influence of biochar material on N mineralization pattern from the soil applications of kunai grass (Imperata cylindrica) biochar (at 0 and 10 t ha^-1) and laboratory grade urea (0, 200 and 500 kg N ha^-1) and their co-application to an acid soil. The results of incubation study showed that biochar only treatment and co-application with urea at 200 kg N ha^-1 could impede transformation of urea to NH₄⁺-N. Soil application of biochar together with urea 500 kg N ha^-1 produced the highest NO₃^--N and mineral N concentrations in the soil over 90 days. In a parallel study performed under greenhouse conditions, Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis L.) crop showed highest marketable fresh weight, N uptake and N use efficiency in soil treated with biochar along with urea at 500 kg N ha^-1. However, soil incorporation of biochar only or combined application with urea did not offer any short-term agronomic advantages over mineral fertilizer only at 200 or 500 kg N ha^-1.

Biochar and maize study in Nepal

Biochar improves maize growth by alleviation of nutrient stress in a moderately acidic low-input Nepalese soil

• Naba Raj Pandit^{a, b, c},
• Jan Mulder^b,
• Sarah Elizabeth Hale^a,
• Vegard Martinsen^b,
• Hans Peter Schmidt^d,
• Gerard Cornelissen^{a, b, ,}

 Show more

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.022

Get rights and content

Under a Creative Commons license

  Open Access

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Highlights

•

Soil limitations (moisture, nutrients, acidity) were manipulated one by one to find out why biochar improved crop growth.

•

Biochar addition increased soil pH, plant available P, K and soil moisture retention in this weathered Nepalese soil.

•

The biochar effect on plant growth was mainly due to alleviation of nutrient stress.

---

Abstract

We studied the role of biochar in improving soil fertility for maize production. The effects of biochar on the alleviation of three potential physical-chemical soil limitations for maize growth were investigated, i.e. water stress, nutrient stress and acid stress. Experiments involved soils with two dosages of biochar (0.5% and 2% w:w), as well as ones without biochar, in combination with four different dosages of NPK fertilizer, water and lime. Biochar was produced from the invasive shrubby weed Eupatorium adenophorum using flame curtain kilns. This is the first study to alleviate one by one the water stress, nutrient stress and acid stress in order to investigate the mechanisms of biochar effects on soil fertility.

Biochar addition increased soil moisture, potassium (K) and plant available phosphorous (P-AL), which all showed significant positive relationship (p < 0.001) with above ground biomass of maize. However, biochar was much more effective at abundant soil watering (+ 311% biomass) than at water-starved conditions (+ 67% biomass), indicating that biochar did increase soil moisture, but that this was not the main reason for the positive biomass growth effects. Biochar addition did have a stronger effect under nutrient-stressed conditions (+ 363%) than under abundant nutrient application (+ 132%). Biochar amendment increased soil pH, but liming and pH had no effect on maize dry biomass, so acidity stress alleviation was not the mechanism of biochar effects on soil fertility.

In conclusion, the alleviation of nutrient stress was the probably the main factor contributing to the increased maize biomass production upon biochar addition to this moderately acidic Inceptisol.

Hawaii research on biochar in tropical soils

Love the 3D...

Effects of biochar on crop growth under tropical field conditions

Nguyen Hue

Effects of biochar on crop and soil under field conditions have been lacking. Thus, a field experiment was conducted on an Oxisol (Rhodic haplustox, Wahiawa series) in Oahu Island, Hawaii. A biochar locally produced from macadamia shell feedstock was applied along with either urea, or organic nitrogen (N) fertilizers (blood meal: 10% N and Organic Farm: 12% N). Sweet corn (Zea mays), soybean (Glycine max), and okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) served as the test crops. The N application rates were 150 and 300 kg N/ha, and biochar rates were 0, 2, and 4% by weight. The experiment had a factorial design, with biochar rate as main plot, N source as subplot, and N rate as sub-subplot. There were 3 replications per treatment. Table 1 shows selected chemical properties of the soil and biochar; and Figure 1 shows the set-up of the experiment (see the attached).

Our preliminary results showed that the N use efficiency markedly increased in the presence of biochar, especially for corn, okra, and even soybean (Tables 2 and 3, see the PDF file attached). Interestingly, the effect of biochar on plant growth seemed to extend beyond N nutrition because the treatments receiving biochar but no N input also out-yielded those having N input but no biochar (Figure 2,see the PDF file attached). Our experiment will be continued for some more years to test the prolonged/aging effect of biochar.

• WSARE report_2017field.pdf

  501.28 KB

Biochar Conference Proceedings - Italy, August 2017

Huge program here, 5-days, 85 presentations / posters, mainly on production and environmental applications (not so much on agriculture).

BIOCHAR: PRODUCTION, CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATIONS

August 20-25, 2017
Hotel Calissano
Alba, Italy

Editors:	Franco Berruti, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
	Raffaella Ocone, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
	Ondrej Masek, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

The articles for these proceedings are not peer-reviewed.

Follow

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Conference Program, Franco Berruti, Ondrej Masek, and Raffaella Ocone (Article)

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Biochar: From ligno-cellulosic materials to engineered products for environmental services, Manuel Garcia-Perez (Abstract and Presentation)

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Thermocatalytic-Reforming (TCR®) and TCR®-biochar properties, Markus Heberlein, Fabian Stenzel, and Andreas Hornung (Abstract and Presentation)

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Autothermal biochar production and characterization at pilot scale, Andrea M. Rizzo, Marco Pettorali, Lorenzo Bettuci, Giulia Lotti, Renato Nistri, and David Chiaramonti (Abstract and Presentation)

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Woody and agricultural biomass diversity in torrefaction: A complete study in solid conversion and volatiles formation on TGA-GCMS, María González Martínez, Capucine Dupont, Xuan Mi Meyer, and Christophe Gourdon (Abstract and Presentation)

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Production and characterization of slow pyrolysis biochar from lignin-rich digested stillage from 2nd generation bioethanol production, Frederik Ronsse, Dane Dickinson, and Wolter Prins (Abstract and Presentation)

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A three-stage thermochemical conversion process for the production of biochar, Alessandro Scova, Vander Tumiatti, and Francesco Lenzi (Abstract and Presentation)

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Biochar from microwave pyrolysis of selected feedstocks, Tanisha M. Dreise, Daya R. Nhuchhen, and Muhammad T. Afzal (Abstract and Presentation)

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Biochar production through slow pyrolysis of different biomass materials: Seeking the best operating conditions, Joan J. Manyà, Manuel Azuara, and José A. Manso (Abstract and Presentation)

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Investigation of innovative and conventional pyrolysis of ligneous and herbaceous biomasses for biochar production, Marina Morando, Silvia Fiore, Cedric Briens, and Franco Berruti (Abstract and Presentation)

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Pyrolysis of residues from well-established biochemical processes for the production of biochar, Devon Barry, Cedric Briens, and Franco Berruti (Abstract and Presentation)

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Biochar production through hydrothermal carbonization: Energy efficiency and cost analysis of an industrial-scale plant, Michela Lucian,; Fabio Merzari; and Luca Fiori (Abstract and Presentation)

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Production of activated carbon from barley biochar precursor, Javier Pallarés, Ana González-Cencerrado, and Inmaculada Ramos (Abstract and Presentation)

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Activation and mild oxidation of vacuum pyrolysis biochar, Serge Kaliaguine and Raoof Bardestani (Abstract and Presentation)

Modeling of radical structures in biochar using DFT calculations, Anna Trubetskaya, Markus Broström, Mogens Larsen Andersen, and Søren Talbro Barsberg (Abstract)

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BiocharFX: Production with carbonFX technology, characterization and applications in potting soil related to plant production, Sébastien Lange and Sylvain Bertrand (Abstract and Presentation)

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Biochar production and application in the Intermountain West, Darren McAvoy (Abstract and Presentation)

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Biochar: Product development in remote regions from mixed residues, Kelly Hawboldt, Stephanie MacQuarrie, and Hanieh Bamdad (Abstract and Presentation)

Biochar characterization: Standard biochar and the Charchive, Ondrej Masek (Article)

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How to produce a potential high value bio-char from the worst invasive plant in Canada, Chiara Barbiero, Franco Berruti, and Cedric Briens (Abstract and Presentation)

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Characterization of biochar pore structure with X-ray tomography, Jari Hyväluoma, Jaakko Heikkinen, Sampo Kulju, Markus Hannula, Hanne Wikberg, Anssi Källi, and Kimmo Rasa (Abstract and Presentation)

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Novel bio-char characterization strategies and their use to study the chemical and morphological evolution of material derived from xylan, cellulose and lignin, Matthew W. Smith and Manuel Garcia-Perez (Abstract and Presentation)

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Production of biochar and development of predictive methods for determining performance in value-added composite materials, Douglas Cuthbertson, Franco Berruti, and Cedric Briens (Abstract and Presentation)

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Off-gassing of charred pellets during storage, Shahab Sokhansanj, C. J. Lim, and Sudhagar Mani (Abstract and Presentation)

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Changes in carbon structure distribution and nanostructure of functionalized biochars, Elsa Weiss-Hortala, Marion Ducousso, Maxime Hervy, Sarah Berhanu, Doan Pham Minh, Anthony Chesnaud, Alain Thorel, and Ange Nzihou (Abstract and Presentation)

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Biochar from gasification in cultivated soils and riparian buffer zones: Chemical characterization, Ivano Vassura, Elisa Venturini, Alessandro G. Rombolà, Daniele Fabbri, Cristian Torri, Marco Errani, and Roberto Reggiani (Abstract and Presentation)

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Biochar characterization and EU27 law harmonization: REFERTIL results, Edward Someus and Massimo Pugliese (Abstract and Presentation)

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Hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge: Char characterization and reference to international legislations, Fabio Merzari, Gianni Andreottola, Maurizio Volpe, Fabio Valentinuzzi, Tanja Mimmo, Stefano Cesco, and Luca Fiori (Abstract and Presentation)

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Hydrous pyrolysis of digestate as alternative to post composting in a biowaste anaerobic digestion facility, Maria Laura Mastellone (Abstract and Presentation)

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Mobile organic compounds in biochar. Relationships with carbonization degree and bio-oil composition, Daniele Fabbri and Michele Ghidotti (Abstract and Presentation)

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Lab-scale pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization of biomass digestate: Characterization of solid products, Edoardo Miliotti, David Casini, Matteo Prussi, Giulia Lotti, Lorenzo Bettucci, Andrea Maria Rizzo, and David Chiaramonti (Abstract and Presentation)

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Physical properties of charred pellets after two months of storage, C.J. Lim, Shahab Sokhansanj, and Sudhagar Mani (Abstract and Presentation)

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Analysis of product distribution and characteristics of bio-oil and bio-char from fast pyrolysis of date palm tree waste, Yassir Makkawi, Paul Nancarrow, Ahmed El Sharkawy, Tony Bridgwater, Scott Banks, and Stuart Jones (Article)

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Pyrolysis of cotton stalks and utilization of pyrolysis char for sustainable soil enhancement and carbon storage, Sebastian Schaffer, Tobias Pröll, Rafat Al Afif, and Christoph Pfeifer (Abstract and Presentation)

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Multi-technique characterization of biochar formation, Anthony Dufour, Yann Le Brech, Luc Delmotte, Jésus Raya, Nicolas Brosse, Guillain Mauviel, and Roger Gadiou (Abstract and Presentation)

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Biochar quality management, Ataullah Khan, Don Harfield, Bruce Hillen, Fabian Stenzel, and Andreas Homung (Abstract and Presentation)

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Which policy for biochar deployment in Southern EU? An integrated approach is possible, David Chiaramonti(Abstract and Presentation)

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Biochar for remediating contaminated soils: Outdoor experiments in Wales, UK, Alayne Street-Perrott, Siôn Brackenbury, Iain Robertson, Aoife Ryan, Robert Davison, and Heather De-Quincey (Abstract and Presentation)

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Monolithic biochar as electrode in supercapacitor, Charles Q. Jia, Johnathon N. Caguiat, and Donald W. Kirk(Abstract and Presentation)

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Biochar for pollutant removal from aqueous solutions, Hamid Trimech, Anastasia Colomba, Franco Berruti, and Raffaella Ocone (Abstract and Presentation)

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Biochar and ash amendment effects on mine reclamation in the boreal forest, Jillian M.H. Bieser and Sean C. Thomas (Abstract and Presentation)

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Agronomic benefits and detriments of using biochar, Carlo Grignani, Raghunath Subedi, Chiara Bertora, and Laura Zavattaro (Abstract and Presentation)

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Evaluating the potential of biochar for reducing bioavailable heavy metal fractions in polluted soil, Rosa I. Soria, Raisa Tjarinto, Stephen A. Rolfe, and Steven F. Thornton (Abstract and Presentation)

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Carbon sequestration using bio-refinery residues, Ondřej Mašek (Abstract and Presentation)

Biochar addition in the anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste for biogas production, Ciro Florio, Paola Giudicianni, Stefano Dumontet, Vincenzo Pasquale, Raffaele Ragucci, Angelo Ausiello, Gaetano Zuccaro, Giuseppe Toscano, and Domenico Pirozzi (Abstract)

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Evaluation of the environmental benefits of biochar addition into concrete-based composites, Isabella Bianco, Mauro Giorcelli, Massimo Rovere, Alberto Tagliaferro, Gian Andrea Blengini, and Silvia Bobba (Abstract and Presentation)

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The role of bio-char as an agro-environmental tool: Formation mechanism and potential for control water release, bacterial retention and greenhouse gas emissions, Waled Suliman and Manuel Garcia-Perez(Abstract and Presentation)

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Developing biosensors as monitoring tools to assess the performance of biochar amended contaminated soil, Bastian Saputra, Stephen Rolfe, and Steve Thornton (Abstract and Presentation)

Bio char as cheap and environmental friendly filler able to improve polymer mechanical properties, Aamer Khan, Mauro Giorcelli, Carlo Rosso, and Alberto Tagliaferro (Abstract)

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A novel solution for utilizing liquid fractions from slow pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization - Acidification of animal slurry, Kimmo Rasa, Jari Hyväluoma, Hanne Wikberg, Anssi Källi, Tapio Salo, and Riikka Keskinen(Abstract and Presentation)

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Biochar-ammonium phosphate as an uncoated-slow release fertilizer in sandy soil, Haytham Elsharkawi(Abstract and Presentation)

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Microwave characterization and shielding properties of biochar based polymers and cements, Patrizia Savi(Abstract and Presentation)

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The effects of biochar as a soil amendment on soil quality and plant growth, Ok-Youn Yu (Abstract and Presentation)

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Adsorption of Ammonium (NH4+) Ions onto various Vietnamese biomass residue-derived biochars (wood, rice husk and bamboo), Nguyen Van Hien, Eugenia Valsami-Jones, Nguyen Cong Vinh, Tong Thi Phu, Nguyen Thi Thanh Tam, and Iseult Lynch (Abstract and Presentation)

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Effect of biochar addition on carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions from a temperate agricultural soil, Maren Oelbermann (Abstract and Presentation)

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Arsenic removal from drinking water by means of low cost biochars derived from miscanthus and coconut shell, Tommaso Marengo, Silvia Fiore, Cedric Briens, and Franco Berruti (Abstract and Presentation)

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Characteristic studies on the waste biomass-based biochars produced by fast pyrolysis, Ramin Azargohar, Sonil Nanda, Janusz A. Kozinski, Ajay K. Dalai, and Ronny Sutarto (Abstract and Presentation)

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The influence of biochar on soil characteristics in a temperate agroecosystem, Maren Oelbermann (Abstract and Presentation)

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Can biochar link forest restoration with commercial agriculture?, David C. Smith and Kristin Trippe (Abstract and Presentation)

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Thermal evolution of biochar and its physicochemical properties during hydrothermal gasification, Sonil Nanda, Ajay K. Dalai, Franco Berruti, and Janusz A. Kozinski (Abstract and Presentation)

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Pyrolytic temperature evaluation of macauba biochar for uranium adsorption from aqueous solutions, Sabine Neusatz Guilhen, Nilce Ortiz, Denise Alves Fungaro, and Ondrej Masek (Abstract and Presentation)

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Overview of biochar for electrochemistry applications, Capucine Dupont (Abstract and Presentation)

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Evaluation of the long-term effects of pre-conditioned biochar on soil organic carbon in temperate soils using the Century Soil Organic Matter model, Maren Oelbermann (Abstract and Presentation)

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Developing a method of accounting for the material use of biomass/biochar and its positive side benefits within the company carbon footprint: A case study at Hochschule Geisenheim University, Georg Ardissone and Claudia Kammann (Abstract and Presentation)

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Life cycle assessment of biochar production from southern pine, Sudhagar Mani and Yu Qiu (Abstract and Presentation)

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Behavioral factors affecting the adoption of biochar of farmers in Canada, Maren Oelbermann (Abstract and Presentation)

NewCarbon innovation for sustainable agriculture, soil remediation and water / effluent purification, Marius van der Merwe and Kristin Trippe (Abstract)

Biochars from various biomass types as anodes for sodium-ion batteries, Capucine Dupont, Carolina del Mar Saavedra Rios, Virginie Simone, Loïc Simonin, and Sébastien Martinet (Abstract)

Biofuel production via dry and wet torrefaction of agro-industrial waste: A comparative study, Maurizio Volpe, Fabio Merzari, Gianni Andreottola, and Luca Fiori (Abstract)

Three-dimensional rendering of biochar surfaces from their FESEM images, Amelia Carolina Sparavigna, Mauro Giorcelli, and Salvatore Antonio Guastella (Abstract)

Production, characterization and application of activated biochar from wood residues, Flavia Lega Braghiroli, Hassine Bouafif, Carmen Mihaela Neculita, and Ahmed Koubaa (Abstract)

Analysis of total organic carbon in soil-biochar systems, Daniele Fabbri, Ivano Vassura, Cristian Torri, Alessandro G. Rombolà, and Elisa Venturini (Abstract)

Microwave characterization and shielding properties of biochar based polymers and cements, Patrizia Savi, Mauro Giorcelli, and Ahmad Bayat (Abstract)

Adsorption isotherm determination and heavy metal removal by acid-washed softwood biochar, Raisa Tjarinto, Stephen A. Rolfe, and Steven F. Thornton (Abstract)

Biochar for gas sensors devices, Daniele Ziegler, Mauro Giorcelli, Alberto Tagliaferro, and Jean Marc Tulliani(Abstract)

Modifying effect of biochar by mixing it with digestate, Helena Dvořáčková, Jaroslav Záhora, Jan Hladký, Jindřich Kynický, and Martin Brtnický (Abstract)

Effect of sulfuric acid pre-treatment on the pyrolysis of sewage sludge, Nadia Ruiz-Gomez, María Martínez, María Atienza-Martínez, Javier Ábrego, and Gloria Gea (Abstract)

Preparation of biochar and activated carbon from cocoa pod husk by using microwave as ammonium carrier in urea-based fertilizer, Fisal Ahmad, Mohd Azmier Ahmad, and Nurul Amisha Abdul Mutalib (Abstract)

The use of a sustainable biochar compost for stabilizing and revegetating metal-mine tailings heaps, Heather De-Quincey, Iain Robertson, Alayne Street-Perrott, and Siôn Brackenbury (Abstract)

Characterization of biochar from Peko Pe gasifier cookstoves, Henrik Kofoed Nielsen and Jørgen Møklebust Austvik (Abstract)

Biochar: Soil amendment for the future of tree survival?, Emma Schaffert (Abstract)

Solar assisted pyrolysis for biochar production, Paola Giudicianni, Raffaele Ragucci, Rui Li, and Gilles Flamant (Abstract)

Perspectives in the use of biochars as low-cost CO2 adsorbents, Valentina Gargiulo, Paola Giudicianni, Conchi O. Ania, Alicia Gomis Berenguer, Raffaele Ragucci, and Michela Alfè (Abstract)

Biochar fracture resistance, Guillain Mauviel, Christophe Naisse, Véronique Falk, and Anthony Dufour(Abstract)